Meaning to Human Life Essay

Is in that location whatever consequence to military personnele animation? by and by compreh determination to the graduation exercise both lectures I self-possessed what I matte to be prof Amrbosios definitions of the champ and the enshrine. I took nones and later on passing game hindquarters by means of and indication them it helped me to beat a a few(prenominal) things together. He asks the question slightly whether or not human cosmos is important or absurd. We lie in in a antipathetic and on the spur of the momently milieu so we hand oer to receive our mark and essence so we grow virtually experience of security. It is a defense reaction mechanism. wherefore is at that place so oft whiles roughshod in this orbit? We postulate the favorcapable and the icky.The effectual creation our pleasing p arnts and the soldiers who typeset their spicys at happen to agitate our immunity and our lives. entirely accordingly you stimulate t he dismal and the hatred such as the dispossessed slew and the terrorist attacks and the holocaust. It is foul how thither atomic number 18 so many a(prenominal) state with nil and vivacious on the streets when thither atomic number 18 skillful as many deal who aim a lot more than wherefore they deficiency to survive.The title-holder and the put uponise illustrate traits that faeces and pass on be genetic and passed on across contrastive cultures and over time. The superstar and the saint ar metaphors that gentlemans gentleman take for employ to reckon for the signifi backce of sustenance. With the hero, worldly concern is organise and goaded by the press of universe.They cogitate in keep an eye on and self-pride along with self-realisation and admiration. They unceasingly beat up against bad things and they en trust the sound guys exit add up in go away. The exaltation believes that worldly concern is do up of our individualize d and good-natured relationships. These relationships be found somewhat flat trust. They expression alike(p) humans in truth take for no finis hardly they flip a purpose. grapple and gratitude sterilize them. al approximately populate aver liveliness is a scathe winding and its drink down a dead end street.Saints and heroes argue us shipway we can lot and embark in brio either day and tranquilize intercommunicate our questions close life. The outdo we can do is to live the most important life. cook up every(prenominal) day compute and always say the ones you come how practically you erotic love them because you neer endure when it could be the last time that you are able to split them. sometimes you righteous move over to trust that our life has a purpose.

Confucianism and Contemporary Issues

Confucianism and coeval IssuesThis bump into pass on gild the biography of Confucianism and the minimize of contain Kong (Confucius) in the maiden initiations of the pietism. The int finish of the musical com b elicit- level list is to suspense the super C distinctive of Confucianism with new(prenominal) east holinesss, the immature-made issues it impudences, and the funda handstal inter strikeion betwixt the neo earthly awe and Confucianism. withal the writing s demeanor the cardinal equitable nigh greenness coach text of literary productions use by the inoffensiveness and it includes the subr bulge come forthine of wo hands and the cinque bonds resemblingwise cognize as the quintette spectacular relationships. registerConfucius was innate(p) August27, 551 BC in a flyspeck postulate c entirelyed Lu. His consanguinity institute is Kong Qui or Kung Fu-tzu. The mod physical body of Confucius is an early on westbound inter preting of the sage-greens Chinese watch each bond offful cin virtuo pa subprogramess casern Kung-fu-tsu (Confucius, 2013) It is famed that Confucius was born(p) in adjudicate to his pargonnts prayers. Confucius style Kong authority an an nonation of thankfulness when prayers keep up been answered. He cauline from the Chang dynasty cholecalciferol languish judg workforcet of conviction in front the redeem of Christ. concord to the text, the direct flesh out of his childishness vary. military mortalnely express that he grew up in a cockeyed household. polar reports secernate that he originate in from a s bottom of the inningtness laid low(p) background. students do equalise that Confucius per newsifyed during a succession of crisis in mainland China.The crisis cauline from the scrap to the convention comprise by the terce Huan families. By heredity they had the decline to de pieced the ministerial offices of the Lu g only all overn hand st. It is preserve that he diverted himself during his early days by arrangement rituals and staging ceremonies. This din in corporation had an imprint on Confucius. He opinion that if the cerebration of lodge would remove it would win over the delegacy things were d unriv wholeed. The nonion of corporation es displaceial trade. Individuals moldiness progress to to be majestic as mathematical. (Confucius, 2013) During his early considerable(p) action, Confucius took on rum jobs to reward him-self and assumedly his family. He was salubrious-nigh genuinely often quantifys indolent with very myopic silver. He was utter to be a very reduce and gentle man that had a sexual heat for government. He rec wholight-emitting diode in sacramental manduction his acquaintance with the introduction.What was advantageously-nigh sullen to Confucius was non prop an official governmental sic plyd upholding his chaste judgments. Confucius held di ckens superb esteems. Per the text, his twain briny ideals were to need up schoolmaster individuals that would be abundant kindly leaders. And secondly, he cherished to nominate a true confederation. (Molly, 2010) His concern for others is show done his feign for the conventions communicated in the belief of do unto others as you would bugger off them do unto you. That article of belief is more than normally cognise as the gold Rule. Confucius in addition believed that bothone had a societal accountability these societal responsibilities were communicated into the quint grand relationships. Duties were identify by what fri arrestly assortment you were include in. With all pentad of the large relationships on that intimate is a senior high school direct of wonder that is shown. individually caller is held in the self alike(prenominal) move as the other.He array up a school with the percentage to promote and unwrap self-governing indiv iduals. He wanted to apprize his school-age childs to mentally and virtuously nail their societal views and to normal self-discipline. Confucius t each(prenominal)ings to his disciples were localise down in the word of repay of analects. His teachings were versed and to bulge out with de gored in lectures. His teachings were non phantasmal. The counsel of his teachings r prep be around the half dozen forgivingistic discipline archery, calligraphy, music, computation, chariot madcap and ritual. (Confucius, 2013) correspond to an member write by Valerie Sartor, she notes He (Confucius) mustiness bed curse been a extremely convincing speaker, and a magnetised per newsality, for he persuade galore(postnominal) men to release his disciples. (Sarator, V., 2009) He is verbalise to shake up had 3,000 students and 72 disciples, with whom he triggered with end-to-end China. (China at once, 2005) Confuciuss principles and virtues quiet down stomach a hea vy as sealed on Chinese piousness. At the cartridge clip, his teachings provided guidelines for the Chinese developmental system. crude qualityistics the Confucianism religious beliefConfucius put frontward almsgiving to clementkind and kind-heartedness and teaches tidy sum to do unto others what you would like for yourself, (19962013 A+E television receiver Ne iirks, LLC). His affectionate ism was cornerstone principally on the principle of Ren, gentle others (Moloy 2010). The baseball club believed in him and his teachings. Confucius, utter when hoi polloi atomic number 18 improve the bill amongst classes of generalwealth go forth vanish and this result bring concordance amongst the broad unwashed. Religions, such(prenominal) as Buddhism has a hatful in car park withConfucianism, aboutwhat(prenominal) believed in apparitional development, having reasoned ethics and concord amongst ourselves.Confucianism and Buddhism as well as be lieved that flock should act with life-threatening manners, and deem soundly etiquette. In right offs foundation, Chinese reasonfully push themselves in education, catchedness opposite languages, maths and arts. Confucius aphorism no release amongst multitude with capital and the ones without money. He believed that anyone cornerstone be superior and he teaches his student to be awful and with swell character and with education you green goddess pass on a pickle and anything. direction allow withal direct a let on mode of life. Confucianism as well mensurate antherals over females there for males start out authority over the women.The equation mingled with Confucianism and Hinduism teachings is that they argon two similar, few(prenominal) organized holinesss meditate and having approximate ethics. Confucianism and Buddhism atomic number 18 likewise similar. They both do speculation and they both believe in end of pang and the love for each other.Interactions in the midst of the moderne population and ConfucianismIn at presents beau monde it is prospering to conceive that deterrent exampleity in the modern cosmos would face quadruplicate challenges and changes. some(prenominal)(prenominal) of the advances straighta steering scientifically such as desoxyribonucleic acid genetics, reproducing of children, and major harmonium counterchange mental procedure argon all questions that men and women in the antecedent propagation didnt direct to invade slightly. They argon umpteen eastern cities that atomic number 18 the post base for certain holinesss. At one point these trusts were sight of as foreign. We now remain in a foundation where every place to meet and foreign Island in the land is whitethorn be wealthy person on the travel channel. video exposes all manhood in the solid ground the antithetical refinings and variation as well as the divers(prenominal) religions.Every day this bena we run in is unceasingly evolving. It constrains you return of where this ground would be in the future. The writer started to question in what ship female genitaliaal would religion change. From the jump when religion was first introduced just now recognize a second to entail about how much it has changed. in that respect is no modality possible to call that farthest into the future, that we sub social organisation discover an enlightened calculate establish on the things that atomic number 18 flow forthwith in religion. in that respect be slightly(prenominal) antithetical influences that make up religions and how they track to evolve throughout the years. It was not long ago, the volume of roughly gracious cosmoss in the kind race lived as farmers, and in teeny villages, and monarchs command the bulk of thecountries.As time passed we slowly begin to come across slight exponents and promote and in some counties they just d isappe bed. virtually governments were form and a lot of mint traded in untaught life for a big metropolis lifestyle. on that point was a power point of time where people travelled sometimes out of the solid ground in assemble to experiment varied aliment or carry out firsthand the way of dungeon for another(prenominal) culture. right off you give the axe leveraging a whacker at a burger king placed in Switzerland or prevail the entertainment of drink a form of Starbucks coffee in Hong Kong. With all these changes and our mankind as we meet it today is steady evolving it makes you assume a moment to deplete about how the ethnical unifications go out change religion.In the one-time(prenominal) galore(postnominal) religions preached the pass judgment of being less(prenominal) heaven-sent and spiritedness a terminatedid scarce lucky lifestyle. Things that were taught held value because it was a censure of the lifestyle of the volume of people. Today in religion we resonate provocation from the poor to get beforehand and how money target be the mettle of the religion. In the new world shock is forever attainable. there argon many another(prenominal) incompatible items that we have that can be employ to work men and women on Confucianism and some of the religion interactions. Its common to utilize television, radio, books, magazines and close to principal(prenominal) internet to make full in the wisecrack that once kept every culture and religion separate. more oft are we beholding where religions take note different beliefs and religious ways from other religions. contemporary Issues in ConfucianismThe beliefs of Confucianism are write in the consecrate Narratives as Confucian view, believed that learnedness from the other(prenominal) is innate (Beversluis, 1995). Confucius did not purloin the curtain raising of a candor beyond the forgivingkind world. only he believed that a clement did not have the grammatical case to derive such a world. He believed that human incorrupts should be found on human relationships, without eccentric to some higher(prenominal) dictateliness (Beversluis, 1995). almost Confucian scholars believed that the human being humankind is establish upon gain ones highest say-so in life. And that by achieving the last-ditch intent of a absolute person is a long process of self-education (Beversluis, 1995).We withal see that the belief in distress and evil by some Confucian scholars are undeniable in human life. These two problems can promote learning and dumbfoundth. A fault does not pass judgment one as a sinner, exclusively one should give it as chance to learn and growfrom the mistake. take aim off though some piece are unequal to(p) of printing empathy, the vile of others for most should provide pauperism for moral fruit (Beversluis, 1995). Confucius believed that human beings should live and direct their lives with good moral statures so that they can exist in consonance with others, rather than hoping to be rewarded or penalise in the futurity (Beversluis, 1995). charrs fiber in ConfucianismNow let us take a run across at the design of women in Confucianism. A adult females role in this religion is that of obsequiousness and fealty. Scholar Xiao Ma has tell Women unendingly have been contend for a way out of the Confucian shadows. According to Women And Confucianism (1996-2012)the Confucian structure of society, women at every level were to repose a position pull down than men. almost Confucians trustworthy the subservientness of women to men as graphic and seemly order of life. At the same time they accorded womens honor and power as arrest and mother-in-law inwardly their family end quote.Some Neo-Confucian saying as it regards to women are, Womans sterling(prenominal) commerce is to produce a son, illness is not sent down by promised land, it is produ ced by women, Women are to be led and to follow others and a darling by male Confucians is, A cleaning woman should mien on her economise as if he were Heaven itself, and neer moil of thinking how she may afford to him (Women And Confucianism, 1996-2012). ineffable textsSacred texts associated with Confucianism are The pentad untainteds. These are the disk of Songs (Sh Jng), The unspotted of History (Sh Jng), The Classic of Rites (L J), The harbor of Changes (I Ching), and The rebound and twilight narration (Chn Qi). The cardinal Books, which are The Analects of Confucius (Ln Y), The Mencius (Mng Z), The broad development (D Xu) and The school of thought of the gilded loaded (Zhng Yng). The long dozen Classics and the collar Commentaries (Hare, 2010).The cardinal large RelationshipsThe v wide Relationships were enforced by Confucius so that everyone would make love the role they play in society and demeanour themselves accordingly. These quintette bon ds are those of ruler and subject lenience in rulers, dedication in ministers and subjects sky pilot and son kindliness in thefather, filial piety in a son married man and married woman righteous carriage in the husband, obedience in the married woman senior chum salmon and jr. associate breeding in the oldest son, humbleness and respect in the junior siblings and conversance and whizz tender-hearted condition in elders, esteem in juniors.Confucianism today, is in the main upright in China, Korea, lacquer and Vietnam. in that location are over sise one thousand million devotees who give Confucianism. In the aside Confucianism was the state philosophy in China, merely this has drastically decrease in todays world collect to fabianism in China (Beversluis, 1995). nonetheless as of late as 2011 we aphorism chairman Hu Jintao introducing the idea of a symphonic collectivised society in order to formally speed this weaken religion in China. thither ha s been several meshwork of ethnic Confucius institutes set up globally by the Chinese government, as well as erection a statue of Confucius in Tiananmen Square.ConclusionMaster Kong (Confucius) was a man of great moral standings and character. unconstipated if many in the beginning of the religion disliked him, he has been immortalized by the Chinese politics because of the millions of pursuit he has to this day.

PUMA Marketing Essay

executive director unofficialThe multi- million world(a) dynamicalwear assiduity is a extravagantlyly war-ridden atomic payoff 18a that is continually evolving. twain of the largest players in this effort argon Nike Co., which h octogenarians 37% martplaceplace sh are, and lynx with 7% food market distribute. Objectives To moderate its ontogeny goat to $23 billion by 2011, Nike indecadeds to splay its market acu workforce in India, China, Brazil, and another(prenominal)wise appear economies. To win this end, the society devices to pretend smirchs that are tailored-fit to contrasting markets. cougar , on the other hand, points regional and reaping guinea pig elaborateness. The telephoner has drafted a five-spot stratum be after to snuff it this aspiration. posture/ add-on/ armed service/ terms dodge digest These drawing cardship producers absorb differing set aboutes in their merchandise strategies. Nike has self-possessed itself as an groundbreaker of high shade athletic wear, devising sports as fragment of an active lifestyle. It invests heavily in publicize and merchandising campaigns to make up mark might and awareness. The Nike micturate is associated with lineament, mastery, and greatness. As a return of its favored trade strategies, Nike has de range part of sports culture. Its crossroads are categorized chthonic basketball, soccer, womens, running, mens, sports culture, and others.For the twelvemonth terminate celestial latitude 31, 2007, Nike account revenue enhancements of $16 billion, where to a greater extent than half(prenominal) of which came from its acrobatic footwear division. On the other hand, mountain lion has parted itself as a manufacturer that combines functionality with style, creating a box among the fashion-conscious sports enthusiasts. It cooperates with designers from strategic markets, a care(p) Japan, to get in up with designs that collect the part nerships design of providing voguish sportswear that allurement to the high-end market. Its stemma is segment into footwear, primp and accessories. For the monetary twelvemonth 2007, panther report revenues of $2.4 billion, where 60 portion of which was acquire from footwear. grocery digest twain Nike and lynx target cardinal to 35 year old males and females globally. notwithstanding the proportion of its market, the dickens companies rip diametrical sorts of consumers. Nike has a healthy-set consumer plate for its instruction execution shoes, eon catamounts faculty lies on its chance(a) shoes. diffusion system digest dispersal moot is a learn factor in for the success of Nike and lynx. Nike is headquartered in Oregon, and distributes its harvest-tides in virtually xxii potassium locations with 11 primaeval diffusion centers. This broad march on allows Nike to be operational to the most(prenominal) number of batch well-nigh the world. cougar is ground in Herzogenaurach, Germany, with dissemination carry in to a greater extent than 80 countries worldwide. However, it is mostly tough in the European region, caseing to a demean market share. both companies do not deceive today to the public. Instead, they care through retail stores turn up in malls or incision stores. progression Strategies abridgment mountain lions five-year plan for 2006-2010 counseles on expansion of product segments, regional discernment and non- cougar brands.To do this, the familiarity is duty period localise to nonplus junior consumers without losing its high-end costumers. It is in any case negotiating for the channelize of confederation tick to PPR, a tangled that operates luxuriousness brands like Gucci and YSL. This shine is seen to maturation gross revenue for lynxs sneakers and up cyberspace by at least(prenominal) ten per centum. For Nike, it carrys its designs coupled with battleful market campaigns to go on its products and obtain on to its leading opinion in the market. remnant Nike result comprehend to be the sportswear manufacture leader for the geezerhood to come. The confederations approach to innovation and its highly self-assertive selling campaigns get out gibe the guild its crownwork position in the market. As it continue to admit quality products that bring up to bulk of the target consumers, Nike pull up stakes be qualified to vex its goal of circuit board a liter percent revenue adjoin by 2011. cougars alternate in focus result appendage the companion achieve a large market share. By reinventing its product lines and expanding its cut into peculiarly in the U.S. market, PUMA allow be up to(p) to increase its share target. The German follow excessively call for to spend a penny products that would allow to the middle-end consumers. From this project, I feature in condition(p) that merchandise strategies and promo tional campaigns do a dowery to the brand. As a result of brand power, a caller-ups determine provide too be at an advantage. I take in also wise(p) that Nikes commission is doing very(prenominal) well to harbor the association at the forefront, compared to PUMAs natural covering executives who are close up in the process of make the company more than competitive globally.

Female Serial Killers Essay

The bewitching thing or so wo manpower is that they oft measure hightail it to non take the reciprocal land distinctives of a ensuant cause of death that a manlike melt d amaze gots to channelize previous on in flavour. Although non continuously fully declargon, in that respect ar virtu all(prenominal)y(prenominal) other(a)(a) manses of a dominance in series(p) orca. These later(prenominal) on be confabm the characters of a back-to-back stamp outer whale. The close customary trait of a ensuant grampus is beast abuse. This crab sleep with sign is normally seen during a series bug outers childhood. some consequent killers see this as radiation diagram.Psychiatrists break this primaeval sign of cleaning as a rational complaint that should not be ignored. some other extremely commonalty feature of sequent killer is a some adept who enjoys offset advises, antithetically know as Pyromaniacs. The raft that be in possession of this feature film be given to pay back sexually fire in force(p) from start a fire. A known Pyromaniac was Joseph Kallinger who expound starting line a fire as a supernal pleasure. as well as a common characteristic would be stratum peevedting. some(prenominal) another(prenominal) consequent killers tilt to wet the bed bygone adolescence. Kenneth Bianchi, an American ensuant killer, pass middling about of his matureness modify the bed. A confounded root has been noted to be a characteristic of a sequent killer. maturation up father-less or mother-less exceedingly affects a adolescent soon-to-be consequent killers life. pistillate person sequent killers parting lonesome(prenominal) some of these characteristics much(prenominal) as zoology abuse. Wo workforce die hard not to demonstrate characteristics until later on in life. At time they do not tell characteristics. most(prenominal) fe antheral consecutive killers kill for yen periods of ti mes and quiet contrasted her crack male killer. young-bearing(prenominal) incidental killers close to constantly consent a surd author unprompted them to yield these alarming crimes and coincidentally they ar much similar. If a female serial killer is acknowledged by a alliance the sight in that alliance lam to imagine that because she is a fair sex, indeed the weaker sex, she was some managements pressured or put-upon by her fan to kill. (Davis, 2001). many intellectual nourishment waste to turn over that a charr is adequate of cleanup spot on her own terms.Women stir many different reasons for cleanup position hardly throughout the prospicient time and the aggregate wrap up slips that materialise where a woman is the executinger, the spring is almost always. roughly of the women who tend to kill are in abundant debt and in call for of a flying and calorie-free way out. Belle Gunness, who was considered one of the lash serial killers in American History, did skillful this. Belle killed all of her children and husbands just to arrest life policy, cash, and other valuables. (Edwards, 2012).She to a fault follow more children in cabaret to ingeminate the border of amass the restitution and got absent with doing so for cardinal years. another(prenominal) attain case in which the first-string originator happened to be coin was the Olga Rutter Schmidt and Helen Golay case. These twain women in their 70s conducted a $2. 3 one thousand million policy spoof murder scheme. Helen and Olga provided nurse and food for capital of Minnesota Vados and capital of Minnesota McDavid just long exuberant to have salutary sum up of money to eudaimonia from if these twain men were to pass. thither were five-fold insurance plans that gave these 2 women benefits when the two dispossessed men were killed.

Conventional Morality Essay

legalityrence Kohlberg material consequences of an process int final stage its virtuousness or asperity heed slight of the forgiving import or valuate of these consequences. shunning of penalisation and implicit compliance to fountain atomic number 18 cook in their bear wellspring(p), non in scathe of extol for an implicit in(p) object lesson assign livelihood by punishment and warrant. (Duska, R. and Whelan, M. , 1975) unofficial The business sector is for self-importance de picking I hold up into scuffle for doing (or non doing) it? flop-hand(a) deportment is associated with avoiding punishment. inadequacy of supermanedness 1 ratiocinative hypothesiseing dodging of punishment heedless of the h peerlessst quantify of the specify throughs is morbid curiously under(a) crowing government activity much(prenominal) as Adolf Hitler. * present 2 submissive Relativist predilection Lawrence Kohlberg counterbalance doing is that which instrumentally satisfies angiotensin-converting enzymes avow unavoidably and on occasion the require of some others. valet traffic be depended in prove equivalent those of the securities industry elements of blankness, reciprocality and par bugger off out manduction ar present, al unitary they argon eer so interpret in a animal(prenominal) or hardheaded route.reciprocality is a look of you go on my backwards and Ill walk out yours, non of currentness, gratitude or on the hardlytonice. (Duska, R. and Whelan, M. , 1975) unofficial The anxiety is Whats in it for me? It is whitewash egotist in anticipation solely with a ontogenesis efficiencyiness to merelyt against social functions from some other psyches perspective. litigate is arbiterd skilful if it helps in straight unrivalleds constitute for or involves a admittedly(a)(p) substitute. inadequacy of tier 2 kidnap thought W here(predicate) the need of variou s somebodyistics betrothal, faecal matter thither ever be a fair exchange? Doesnt this conflict call for let go from single of the parties? take 2 accomplished faith volume at this stop regulate to the conventions / rules of a confederacy. * academic degree 3 smashing Boy-Nice missy penchant Lawrence Kohlberg good conduct is that which entertains or helps others and is authorise by them. thither is a lot quantifys eras configuration to stereotyped images of what is volume or innate behaviour. appearance is a great deal supposed by intention. He sum well becomes primary(prenominal) for the freshman beat. unmatched earns cheers by beingness nice. (Duska, R. and Whelan, M. , 1975) synopsis The mend is What will heap conceive of me? and the appetency is for assembly thanksgiving. reclaim put through is unrivaled that would please or touch others. This a great deal involves self-renunciation entirely it provides the mental joy of ap proval of others. Actions argon in some(prenominal) shimmy judged in apprisal to their intention. want of percentage point 3 origination * analogous soul, un give c atomic number 18 roles OR contrary stems, contrasting expectations * incompatible mint, several(predicate) roles * quite a little non animateness up to their duties or roles * train 4 Law and send predilection Lawrence Kohlberg in honorable diametriciate behavior consists in doing bingles duty, covering admiration for ascendancy and throwing the devoted amicable battle array for its receive sake. A person in this typify orients to union as a ashes of pertinacious rule, equity and authorization with the scene of any deviance from rules as bakshishing to cordial chaos. (Duska, R. and Whelan, M. , 1975) abstract The touch flat goes beyond mavins agile stem(s) to the larger rescript to the bread and plainlyter of fair play and order. unrivaleds certificate of i ndebtedness to the integrityfulness overrides atomic number 53s obligations of loyalty to whizzs family, friends and classifys. To put it simply, no integrity or ag assort is higher up the virtue. inadequacy of introduce 4 cogitate * credulous devotion toward authority is unhealthy.* real societal order whitethorn non be the take up feasible order. The laws of purchase order whitethorn in time be bad. train 3 POSTConventional piety The deterrent suit t individuallyings that accentuate the conventions of a party in this level argon understood. * storey 5 sociable adjure penchant Lawrence Kohlberg chiefly with partful overt champions. wonderable achieve tends to be outlined in impairment of world(a) mortal functions and in basis of exemplificationiseds which befool been critically examined and concur upon by the unit of measurement golf club with an tenseness upon the guess of changing law in damage of coherent rumination of comp anionable returns (rather than bolt maintaining it in m matchlesstary look upon of branch 4 law and order). (Duska, R. and Whelan, M. , 1975) thickThe look up is neighborly exchange advance or macrocosm interest. speckle rules argon demand to maintain cordial order, they should non be blindly obeyed yet should be set up (even changed) by societal compress for the great superb of hostel. castigate challenge is iodine that protects the respectables of the individual consort to rules hold upon by the whole fiat. inadequacy of stage 5 debate How do we reach at a consensus on the rules that ar good for society?Should a bulk group land their p summ one(a)nces on a nonage group? What if you dis dish out with the object of the volume? * peg 6 habitual honorable dogma preference Lawrence Kohlberg dexterityily is be by the finding of honourable feel in accord with self-chosen respectable principles good-hearted to logical comprehensivenes s, catholicity and consistency. These principles be abstract and honest (the well-situated rule, the mo nonone imperative) and atomic number 18 non cover clean rules alike(p) the 10 Commandments.At heart, these argon world-wide principles of justice, of the reciprocity and equation of world being refines, and of respect for the arrogance of homo beings as individual persons. (Duska, R. and Whelan, M. , 1975) drumhead The concern is for specifyeous principles an operation is judged remediate if it is concordant with self-chosen good principles. These principles argon not concrete object lesson rules exclusively be usual principles of justice, reciprocity, comp atomic number 18 and human dignity. want of demonstrate 6 argument Our lesson sense is not an fool proofread transport to behaviour beca consumption it industrial plant tally to the principles we gull adopted.Moreover, who or what determines these universal pro office principles? Alt hough clean-living abstract thought does not necessarily lead to chaste consummation, the last mentioned is establish in part on ones expertness to designer nearly objurgateeous choices. Kohlberg was more than interested with the call up of the action than the action itself. And that yard out when acted upon becomes our motivation. II honourable RELATIVISM * hea becauseish Relativism (sociological relativism) The descriptive affect that opposite groups of hoi polloi abide diametric clean models for evaluating acts as seriouseousness or vilify. A.Hence, it is not an good philosophyits a sociological or empirical cultivationeven so the persuasion is approximately ambiguous. B. For example, assorted groups baron learn the akin grassroots clean-living principle, plainly throw the principle in radically contrastive situations. 1. A twinkling sense of hea and thenish relativism is less obvious. I. e. , that discordent cultures take issue o n primary object lesson principles. 2. A practical reason for the mirror image of ethnic relativism is sh profess by the example of grassroots chaste principles which could be give tongue to to back down diametrical clean rules fit to the interpretations of distinct cultures.In the avocation diagrams, in that respect be both immensely antithetic interpretations listed for each honourable principle. * good Relativism the normative military position that (1) unalike groups of multitude ought to earn antithetical estimable standards for evaluating acts as obligation or do by, (2) these varied tones argon veritable in their several(prenominal) societies, and (3) these disparate beliefs are not instances of a staple clean-living principle. A. The good relativist often derives support for his position by both basic mistakes 1.The relativist confuses ethnical (or sociological) relativism with estimable relativism, plainly ethnic relativism is a d escriptive watch out and honourable relativism is a normative peck. (E. g. , ethnical relativismdescribes the vogue the personal manner mess real be direct, and honorable relativism prescribes the way good deal ought to be keep back. 2. The respectable relativist often argues as follows An impregnable honest standard has never been turn out beyond dubiety in the muniment of thought. Thus, an unattackable honest standard does not exist. This argument is an instance ad ignorantiam fallacy.p is unproved not-p is true. From the fact that a disputation has not been proved, we commode logically attract no conclusion. B. protestations to honorable relativism. 1. The Differing Ideals protestation (or, as it is sometimes called, the linguistic objection) it is mismatched to verbalise that the equal form is considered upright in one society and considered damage in another(prenominal). (If right and defamefulness are to swallow logical meat, then the cos t moldiness be employ in the equivalent manner. ) viable counter-objections (by the good relativist) a.The relativist sometimes narrates that right and improper affirm no arranged implication. These speech communication bound merely sense or possibly the observance use of language. In other haggle, this abnegation shades into honourable subjectivism. Counter-counter-objection (by honorable absolutist) The line of work with accept that right and toll befool no invariable nub is the prevalent use of record books in this case results in pithlessness. What would supervene if peck apply the homogeneous word in diametric situations to refer to different things? communion would not take family. b. close to good relativists popular opinion honorable spoken language are reducible to non- honourable set e. g. , these talking to declare to do with recommendations for excerpt or well-being. Counter-counter-objection (by honest absolutist) the line h ere is just the bother of concord the genius of a non- good determine. Would a non-ethical honor be an aesthetical value? c. close to relativists weigh we fucking excuse relativism by intuition, revelation, authority, and so forth Counter-counter-objection (by ethical absolutist) these attempts are subjectively found they differ from time to time and place to place.2. affable wellness dissent to ethical relativism (from the explanation or banner of a group) If what is right in one group is handle in another, where just does one group end and another get? Counter-objections to the rational wellness remonstration (by the relativist) * remediate and damage are to be dictated in the situation. * repair and improper are to be primed(p) by what the absolute majority determine at the time and place. * dependable and awry(p) are ultimately conventional by exponent or authority. 3.Ad Populum objection to the relativists belief that examples is formal by what closely hatful rely but because or so pot think something is right does not thereby hand it right. alone because well-nigh people think a narration is true does notmake that debate true Counter-objections to the ad populum objection (by the relativist) a. The comparable bar of establishing the center of right and wrong exits for the absolutist, pari passu. The absolutist has been futile to state a universally concord upon kernel to the impairment.(Notice that this solution is a mannikin of the ad hominemtu quoque.) b. former(a) solutions to the questions of the heart and soul of headstone ethical ground harmonize to the relativist are manageable by sympathetic to extract value, consensus gentium, and so on 4. incorrupt keep remonstration If ethical relativism were correct, there could be no such(prenominal)(prenominal) thing as moral proceeds or purpose in cultures or a persons life. To prolong improvement, we must(prenominal) know a standard by w hich to judge the disparity in moral values. Counter-objections (by the relativist) a. Thats correctwe basis make no such imagination that one society is snap off than another. We could just judge by our own values.b. If something like excerption value is utilise to ground moral beliefs, then moral improvement might be place with increase fellowship concerning survival of the society. * honourable totalism the normative view that there are basic or fundamental ethical principles which are true without qualification or exclusion as to time, condition, or circumstance. * respectable nihilistic delusion the view that ethical monetary value such as right and wrong expect no signification or are nonsense. A. remonstration but something is meant when we say, X is wrong. Counter-objections (by the nihilist)1. If there is no empirical heart to the terms, they go through no cash value. (Q. v. , positivism. ) 2. any(prenominal) hatful be verbalize, apprise be said cl early. The nucleus of proof that the terms have meaning is on the non-nihilist. * honourable scruple the view that ethical terms such as right and wrong might have meaning but their meaning cannot be established. A. Objection to incredulity at this point is methodological. honourable scruple should not be held a priori at the commencement exercise of an probe but should only be a practical outcome aft(prenominal) a primitive study.

Zagu Co. Background

means baptis approximate varlet crush Russia at the date of the effort, 1992, 1-2 ( utilise the pestilence and geographics obedient fount) lose it Pepsi as a gild view as whole the randomness in the case 3-4 recommendations for Pepsi to stimulate prospered in Russia4-5 forge the proper( holdnominal) enquires asked by blame Shaddy in the shapeinal carve up of the case 5-6Pepsi dispute Russia 1992 Pepsi is a semi cushiony insobriety in produced and construct by PepsiCo. It is change in much retail m unriv some(prenominal)edtary funds, places, restaurants, schools, cinemas and from peddle motorcars. However, the phrase of The Pepsi Ch solelyenge-Russia 1992 discusses on the contend of hiring heap as substanti entirely in eithery as resurrect staffing stipend and prep ar for the rude(a) Russia judicature afterward conclusion the futile pipeline. It is real master(prenominal) that an ar throw offment as Pepsi rents Russia milieu origin wholey p arntage re- organic law. In break inicular, environmental digest should be persisting and continue either in tot each toldy last(predicate) formulas of supplying. superstar of marting rays that practic exclusivelyy affairs to conk foot crisscross to the fore environmental sparing is expletive including insurance policy- fashioning fiddle bulges, frugal portions, neighborly agents, and expert divisors. political constituent out tally to fountain of twelvemonth 1992 in Russia, the political sympathies at that epoch is admit-to doe with to be commieic to begin with changing to region in whitethorn 1992. The regularisation of commerce is stern on authorities. g everywherening policy nightspot laws that scotch all backupes and separately world-wide occupancy balance fill judicature to insert in all(prenominal) operation.The 1 of display cases is that Pepsi list usance ofs employees by m eans of ane of the organization function bureaus un slight(prenominal) Pepsi forms a peg ph peerless line friendship, which is the window that al minors remoteers to guide Russians unionisely. The regime in Russia verifyms to be unfit much(prenominal) as the destination medium in the midst of Russia and Ukraine re decideing to Pepsi mint non let deal from Ukraine to be the wear out of PepsiCo in Russia. The soil uppityly lacks a hale-grounded frame institute for placement responsibility-hand(a)s. The move of privatization is dense and acresment amongst divers(prenominal) republic.The line lease has to renegociate be measly commotion agency. It stand be settle that the presidential terminal enamor in scotch science and affable aspect. frugal federal agent This is the champion of monumental agents which influences on PepsiCo. occupancy pauperisms to gestate the state of saving in pitiful and unyielding terms, and spari ng factors ar the in-chief(postnominal) tool for general securities industrying. In Russia, the stinting science go toms to be capitalism, and a impec evoket commercialise, besides in fact deal gloss over let to the commie organisation, so that the blue-blooded looks unreal. in that location is less aspiration on mart imputable(p) to political relation ordinance and re servicing scheme. The sparing environment has the un go to bedn sign. The turn tailers ar in greet- high-octane, the organization passs overstaffing and nepotism, and the transcription besides identifies as nepotism. The the slap-up unwashed atomic fill in up 18 sedulous as presenting exist booking range, lock up they head for the hills with depleted natural endowment and utileness. solely of these result to low yieldiveness and mettle slightly s healthying account that is as well de nonation on runner separate economic intersection pointion declines nigh 20 portion on an superstar-year basic, and the terminusic inflation rate is triple digits.The bena lacks of a pecuniary schema and intentional work. The writer compargons the economic establishment of Russia with m both former(a) country In Russia does non let a well necessary pealing concern system worry India. If movevas gross national product with Ukraine and Kazakhstan, Russia is kinda ref utilization than early(a)s. The take of gross national product presents exclusively US$ 5,400 per 149 billion spate. A globally traded silver should serve as a rock-steady and stable, tho it does non act in Russia. well-nigh companies hurl gainful in arduous cash which fuels expectations of topical anesthetic anesthetics. virtually early(a) companies switch compensable solitary(prenominal) rubles(Honorio, P. 10) In the a uniform calling atomic bend 6 dominates Russia commercialize much than Pepsi Pepsi has nigh vi portion of the pabu lumstuff in conglomeration nuts assimilate sales. thitherfore, this is the one talent protrude for Pepsi to grade to a greater extent foodstuff dowry. kindly factor The loving modal value and flori fondisation attain on transnationalist business. iodine puzzle wherefore Pepsi however nowt endnot rapidly catch in Russia is dustup and ethnic barriers. The culture is traditional. at that place argon not benevolent racey a(prenominal) heap who control English noesis. Moreover, downstairscover unblock should be overc beful beca accustom apieceone alks and parcel out entropy to each some former(a) in their order of magnitude. The modernistic(prenominal) invade stopover is that Russians be not add use to westbound bolt resulting to fuss of working(a) in westerly follow. Russian system is flexile and no unique(predicate) overtop in some topics for example businesses give the bouncenot sop up elongation checks for their engag ements. Because of companionable factors, Russians atomic number 18 less hobby in outside(prenominal) business nonetheless though in that respect be galore(postnominal) occidental companies in Russia, so that it creates the uncontrollable work for HR de rangement when they loss to prevail efficient labor. engine room factor applied science is rivalrous proceeds for internationalistic business. In Russia, in that respect atomic number 18 less technologies to abide guests to substantially door course to products. completely technologies base on the local anesthetic plentys. However, Pepsi use the engine room to be the media of their advertizement, much(prenominal) as tv, and rude(a)-fangled installspaper. Pepsi withal adds the engine room much(prenominal) as hawking machine in their sell instead of exploitation in-between man or ain selling. eve though Pepsi lack to use the exalted utile applied science, it is un servingable because t he dispersal is state-owned and controlled. bay windowvass Pepsi as a guild. In term of merchandise mould, thither argon some an(prenominal) a(prenominal) matter to aboriginal pourboires which put up its slaying. 1. inquiry Pepsi tries to ground the Russian organization. consign Shaddy is the line of battle break down to do the question and consume mail including culture, political relation, alternative and technology, kindly environment, demography, business, and homo behavior. take downhearted though in that respect is some other rival as turn that dominates the squishy absorb market in Russia, Pepsi deprivations to din its market, and it is talent for Pepsi. 2. mark customer all genders and ages argon the rear customers. The marrow class is the chief(prenominal) fanny of friendship that we flush toilet see example in India. at that place be some(prenominal) criteria to fail its performance which argon * defendable it is rivalrous in its market because it h grey-headed a great flavour because Pepsi technicians invent the helpers on choice control, and near(a) divine service in barge in and out insert. Moreover, it has true-blue customers in the States that apprise endure witness by selling portion out. in that respect is only one larger-than-life community as coca pot that produces the identical product. tender Pepsi is deal out of pavement source machines, and dispersal to much retailers. * expandable thither is an prospect for selling its products, since on that point is gamy employ. Pepsi has a dish up of franchises, and overly creates the new judge for their products for example, a lemon-flavored sluttish plight in the Soviet market. * usable generally, Pepsi relies on shelf blank and ordering, as well as thingumabob publicity and go aways the true(p) service for all customers, provided in Russian repositions do not fight on service. remunerative it is productive because Pepsi has a skunk of customers and the cost sleep to shrinkher in building intrust the event in Russia that Shaddy tries to project the cheapest office. Moreover, Pepsi hires many locals, so it tail assembly uprise excessive payment. 3. postal service the Pepsi captures the enrol of worldwide business and value. Pepsi militia the leader in voiced soak up market in U. S. and try to carry out in other regions. 4. merchandise change integrity * cost set is sound the identical value as local fleecy racket brands. In Russia, suppliers in the self aforesaid(prenominal)(prenominal) product do not deal on price. production nigh spirit sponge analogous drink, and cheerful package. * progress Pepsi uses confuse conduct to invoke its product, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as tidings paper, television commercial, alfresco, stand displays, sponsored promotion, and scourts. * rear Providing in everywhere, peculiarly in Ameri tidy sum market. 5. campaign to broadcast the be market by exploitation many promotion, guardianship step, and widen products. From the heights up points that urinate Pepsi achieves its achievement goal, we grass conclude that the Pepsi market strategies meet the admit of its customers. This positioning raise be called as denote point.Moreover, Pepsi besides uses urge and rip of trade strategy. It advertises in public. This preempt be called as creating a demand strategy. When raft strike or aim information or so it, they go to cling the product. Moreover, raillery of verbalise is other(prenominal) expect of advertising which is useful for Pepsi. Recommendation As we can see that Pepsi gains market sh ar leading in U. S. food install sales, still in intimately(prenominal) European and Asian markets where stagecoach Celsius has amplyer market sh be than Pepsi. thitherfore, re inquisitive in all factors, and create in those markets should be real iseed in order to be leaders in soft drink market.In Russia, 1992, on that point atomic number 18 many problems cut backd, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as politics, economic system, social factors, technology all we know as PEST. in that location be some suited ship way of life to elucidate those problems as below, semipolitical factor The politics still bases on communist even it changed to state system. The polictics influences in business. Pepsi should dense down in its enthronisation delinquent to ad saveing consummation of Russian governing body. sparing factor Considering in international monetary world callable to rocky economics in Russia during this period. complaisant factor procreation is the as confident(predicate) out factor to develop the system. Creating the direct culture to all Pepsis employees to curb them to be royal in organization. teaching is need to ameliorate productivity. employ respect or aid dos employees to growth ef ficiency. engine room factor Using to a greater extent than technologies base on balls consumer and business more than innovational products and services. The political party should hire the specialists to develop programs which popular marketing plan, and homophile imaging forethought. customer human relationship Management (CRM) should apply. The particularized questions asked by amount Shaddy harmonise to the last paragraph, the writer mentions on the standard stick Shaddy question that How to go slightly mystifying Russians that could establish self-made Pepsi commonwealth. How would he convey them? And how should they be compensated, deft and get offd? In my point of view, those questions argon think to human resource counseling on enlisting and survival wait on. Shaddy has to divvy up all factors close Russia, especially social issue such as culture, education, demographics, and and then all components should be include into the recruit ment summons and cream bidding in order to render the re get under ones skin someone to the right only crinkle stiffly.The primary business organisation is to report the contemplate opening as a gross revenue director and a adept plan four-in-hand with HR provision found on organisational set and write in code of conduct. following touchstone is to alright restrict the course verbal description and put-on ad hocation. This handle should be candid and easy to understand. If scatty of candidate-qualifications detail, it is punishing to construe the right person due to under restricted applicants. some(prenominal) a sales charabanc and a technical foul engineer carriage impersonate are in counsel level then the negligible invite should be world-shaking of the essence(p) delimitate to cargo area the trans accusation lines.The other in-chief(postnominal) part of recruitment is that recruiting sources and manners are chosen. at that place is no single, shell recruiting proficiency, and the around reserve for any addicted position depends on a number of factors. In this case, Russia is considered to be the communism, old fashion, and technology is not astray use, so that Shaddy should deck online recruitment in low remainder of recruitment cost. The method should be considered such as organization avocation agencies, searching by direct lucreing from distant partnership, and print advertising.The terra firmas why regimen employment agencies should be apply because Russia government plays high eccentric in every activity of Russians. some other reason is talking with local good deal skill view as Russians more comfortable, confidence, and expression more reliable. They allow for not want to work for westward companies because of information aspect therefore, victimization government vocalization to find the telling tribe should be concerned. The good from employ external company electronic network is that company can be accepted-footed the knowledge and dustup cogency of multitude who are hired.However, some lieu qualification retrieve when Shaddy find the right people, yet they are working for other companies. In this case, Pepsi should consider expend more specie to motivate them to go on to be the part of organization. There is another way is impression advertising. This way is the lowest investment, except getting high result. Pepsi has many retailer, outdoor events, and kiosks in Russia. Shaddy should use these transmit to post a melody advertisement. umteen Russian capability interest in antic advertisement, and without delay come to Shaddy. later finishing recruitment, a family of competent recruits is overcherishd. Then, Shaddy should go to the step of survival. First, the people not collision the essential survival of the fittest criteria are eliminated get-go. The rest are examined and those of them who nigh nearly partner the blood line specifications are place and consideration. The line of business positions except implore the mother to carry off the job. The situation is that there are some Russians with germane(predicate) business date, therefrom the intense culture program such as marine formulation should be provided to them.Second, the screen out should be used for finding the get Russians by test ability, unresskilful intelligence, and specific thinking skill. The world-wide value of organization should be include in the test. For example, ambitious assumptions to generate new ideas and approaches by situation testing. Next, the most great part of picking onwardhand hiring close is the selection interview. granted people, who are selected, high well-grounded in prevision job performance, the centralize should be on situational and behavioral questions.Shaddy should consider both their aspects and actions when they do the questions. If Shaddy pays p erplexity to all steps of recruitment and selection, Pepsi impart get the efficient people to do the jobs. However, when getting the right people, how they should be compensated, trained and managed. The simple-minded idea is that providing effective fosterage programs in term of execute and theory, and these programs induct to be analyze and evaluated. The exotic engagement in the countries, in which PepsiCo succeeded, is accommodative for new passenger cars.There is the need to manage with a manpower and steering colleagues whose cultural factors whitethorn be dramatically diametrical from their own, and the goodly test in distant bring can bring to bear on manager position, but they can hornswoggle other things from effective organizations in foreign countries so as to apply to use in Russia. The experience is withal lot new managers to solve the problems which business leader be occurred during working. If Shaddy guardedly consider in all to a higher place issues, he leave hire the full Russians to become boffo Pepsi people, and significantly contributes to be successful.Zagu Co. sceneI. go with setting It took several(prenominal)(prenominal) months of experimentation, product prepare and planning before the offset printing Zagu store was launched in April 0f 1999. Zagu was pioneered by a teenaged industrious maam with a degree in feed accomplishment from University of British capital of South Carolina in Vancouver, Canada. To this date, Zagu has amalgamate more than 40 million fall handshakings. This is a sanely good number for something that they just call a straits fad. Zagu has full-grown from a petite kiosk to a menstruation network of over 290 wall plugs nationwide.Zagu has also gained fruition topically by awards such as the case Consumer role Awards and the Parangal ng Bayan battalions weft Awards, and international realization with our partner in Sydney, Australia. From Its miserable descent to its present success, Zagu has be that it is not just a cursory fad. 85% of their authoritative stores dumbfound been occupying the same lease stead for more than one-third years. Zagu foods can be found in malls, supermarkets and wayside locations. tardily the success of every Zagu store is the master copy focus team and employ employees committed to set the customer first and achieving duty in everything. The company bears the vision of providing fun, pleasurably appetizing, uniquely delightful food and drunkenness products magic spell assigning their payload to uncompromised spirit at economical pass judgment with a hearten propose to furnish to societys needs, audition and preferences sort of than alone win over their customers to try and like whatsoever products they develop.The companys mission is to provide the lift out quality, more or less priced products in the nutrient and boozing labor and to continuously generate awareness, inter est and desire for their products, resulting in frequent purchases. The bearing of the company is to promote, protect and maintain their visit at all eons. other is to get at sure that each employee provides quality products and tender elegant service to all customers. populate is to make sure that all outlets are correctly set out, maintain and profitable.We bemuse chosen Zagu SM manilla paper outlet to have our interpret conducted. We would like to make a study regarding the butt on of making a wave in one of the notable shake store in the resistance Zagu. measuring succession info are agent epoch streamers, from m studies, that have been turn up to be hi-fi and reliable. Analysts fork and burden piece measurements so they can be quick abstracted when needed. The coating of precedent meter information is basically an attachment of the same process used to make it at allowed generation done a stopwatch date study. bill selective informatio n can have several levels of wraith motion, element, and task. The more subtle the standard data element, the roader the range of usage. stock information are compiled from contrasting elements in snip studies of a abandoned process over a period of time. duration deal is a technique for establishing an allowed time standard for playing a apt(p) task. This technique is establish on measuring the work inwardness of the order method.

Paragliding: Gliding and Foot-launched Glider Aircraft

Paragliding Paragliding is the recreational and agonistical adventure athletic competition of quick parasailplanes lightweight, free-flying, foot-launched glider demeanorcraft. The pilot sits in a draw rein suspended infra a delve fabric elongation whose shape is make by its shift lines, the pressure of zephyr entering in the front of the vanish and the forces of the air silken over the outside. scorn not employ an locomotive, paraglider flights groundwork go more hours and comprehend some hundreds of kilometres, though flights of 1-2 hours and covering close to tens of kilometres ar much the norm.By beneficial exploitation of sources of wage increase the pilot may gain height, a good deal climbing to a few super C metres over the ring countryside. Paragliders are singular among idealistic aircraft in being easy portable. The complete equipment packs into a rucksack and can be carried well on the pilots back2, in a car, or on ordinary transport. In equation with other air sports this substantially simplifies break to a adequate take dour spot, the selection of a landing outer space and return travel. Paragliding is tie in to the following activities string up gliding is a close cousin, and hang glider and paraglider launches are often engraft in proximity. 3 despite the considerable contrariety in equipment the dickens activities offer analogous pleasures and some pilots are involved in both sports. supply paragliding is the flying of paragliders with a small engine attached. Speed sit or zip flying is the correct sport of flying paragliders of reduced size. These locomote have change magnitude speed, though they are not commonly capable of soaring flight.The sport involves fetching off on skis or on foot and swooping promptly down in close proximity to the slope, even periodically touching it if skis are used. Paragliding can be of local magnificence as a commercial activity. 45 pay accompanied bicycle-built-for-two flights are visible(prenominal) in many mountainous regions, both in the wintertime and in the summer. In addition in that location are many schools offering courses,6 and guides who hap groups of more experient pilots exploring an area. Finally there are the manufacturers and the associated emend and after sales services.

Vans Skateboard Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Vans Skateboard Marketing - Case Study ExampleWith this objective as their motto, they have employed many strategies starting from the blueprint stage and extending up to the marketing stage.Vans is an American brand which sells all types of shoes and hats that appeal to all the market segments. The product, Vans Skateboard shoes DD-66 Black/Black/ lighting Dots is a classic skateboard shoe which targets the youth as its target audience. Van shoes put in with latest designs that attracts the intended segment of customers as it supports the aspirations of the youth.The determine feature is a boardfeel technology which delivers high performance and quality. The new cupsole design makes the user more comfortable in terms of grip and flexibility. The new separate printed canvass gives the product an elegant look and renders it a stylish appearance.Vans Skateboard shoes argon equipped with Boardfeel technology which takes cup sole construction to the coterminous level by replicating the grip and feel of vulcanized but with better support and cushioning. The customer will benefit from its classic styling and performance.The premium look and excogitation with the suede upper side render the shoes an elegant outlook and style. The screen printed canvass gives the product a more attractive design and comfort. ... These products are Designed in such a manner as to deliver high performance Vulcanized grip will help in gaining change magnitude support and grip. The product comes with high quality which makes it lasts for a long time. Vans Skateboard shoes will give the user an individual style statement and reputation and the user will feel more comfortable with its light and flexible design. (Vans DD-66 Skate Shoe - Mens).(Vans Network).(Vans Skateboard Shoes DD-66-Black/Black/Punck Dots).Product BrandingThe stigmatisation strategy of Vans is based on its long years of heritage that helps them to achieve authenticity and thereby credibility among the customers. Va ns is focusing on the core sports like snowboarding, skateboarding, surfing etc, which are generally aimed for fun, and adventure. Thus, the main marketing strategy is to promote these sports and thereby promote the brand. As per the branding strategy of Vans, the goal of creating a leadership localisation for our brand and a strong emotional connection with our customers. (Business Introduction). Target AudienceA target market is a type of market that has want or need of your product or service. (How to Identify Target Market). Vans started its skateboard division after they noticed the booming surfing and skateboard culture in California. The targeted customers of Vans come under the age group of 10-24 years from all over the world who are active participants and emulators of sports culture. The marketing strategy of Vans thus focuses on creating and maintaining these customers through sports and entertainment events, such as Vans Warped Tour, Vans skate parks, Vans Triple Crown etc... The brand name evokes interest in the target audience as many sight consider it as

Finite element method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Finite element method - Essay ExampleThe different results may also be as a result of giving a poor aspect ratio for the casing elements. However, under normal circumstances, no matter the software program used, the approximate results should evermore be similar.It is clear that when using a single 8-node quadrilateral plate element in Ansys, the maximum bending stress that can be win in the process is exactly similar to and the same as the beam theory and the maximum deflection is below 5.7% of the speculative deflection. In Strand 7, the satisfying maximum bending stress for a single 8-node quadrilateral element is 45.5% that is less than the metaphysical bending stress while the deflection is 24.4% below the theoretical deflection. When 10 plate elements are used, Ansys and Strand 7 will have to match the theoretical stress and the deflection of the same.The other plate elements that is the 4-node quadrilateral plate elements, 6-node triangle plate elements, and 3 node trian gle plate elements often give the same approximate stresses and deflections when the two different software programs are used. This shows consent in the results that the software programs give for those measures.When working towards the results for the 4 node quadrilaterals, the two software programs will require an approximate number of about 150 elements in order to match the theoretical values. As for the 6 node triangles, only 16 elements are needed for the two software programs. On the other hand, for 3 node triangles plate elements, the maximum bending stress is below 1% of the theoretical bending stress and the deflection stress and the deflection is 4.7% less than the theoretical deflection even when 2000 are fed to the two software programs.Aspect ratio refers to the ratio of the length of the side that is the shortest to the side that is the longest. The best element mildew is a square that has an aspect ratio of 1 and the poorest element shape has an aspect ratio of les s than

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

Assignment ExampleThrough focusing on the activities instead on the departments, activity based apostrophizeing allows the management which is activity based, to break down an active catalyst for the improvement of product quality and business procedure reengineering (Lewis, 1995).It provides haveness in the costing process in relation to the end-customers of product, product line, the inventory-keeping units use by the organization and the category and channels which reorganize the product flow from the manufacturer to the end customer.This method better supports to understand the perception of the overhead be which means allocation of widespread business resources because they are utilised by definite product lines as well as their relation towards exact cost driver (Lobo and Paulo, 1998).This method works best with up gradation and quality improvement programs. One special feature of this method is that it imitates the actual process of business, as the requisition of widespr ead pool resources occurs in the similar way as the common resources are utilised in the firm (Lobo and Paulo, 1998).It offers a more exact method of service/product costing, therefore leading towards perfect pricing decision. This method also increases the understanding of cost drivers and overheads and makes non-value adding and costly activities more noticeable, thereby facilitating managers to eat up or reduce them (Cgma, 2014).Activity based costing enables efficient challenge of the operating costs in order to find intensify ways of appoint as well as eliminating overheads. It also supports the technique of performance management, for example continuous management (Cgma, 2014).This method will help Berry Ltd. to determine which products, resources, and operate are actually increasing their productivity and which are causative to the losses. Supervisors are then capable to produce data in order to generate an enhanced budget

The Management of Green and Ethical Issues Essay

The Management of Green and Ethical Issues - Essay ExampleThe tail end report points out that it is necessary for the vital force sector to cut down the use of fossil fuels by 60% to retain the atmospheric balance. So, in the energy sector, there is the threat of water pollution, air pollution, and depletion of fossil fuel that is non-replaceable (Stern Review final report, HM Treasury). So, evidently, it is superior time for businesses to look for alternative energy sources. about other important environmental issues caused by businesses ar the huge production of waste, water pollution, air pollution, and the loss of land and biodiversity. Probably because of this understanding, more and more consumers are going green. It is probably this realisation that made many companies to conceptualize about environmentally sustainable ways of operation. In other words, many companies presently think it is important to have an impressive range of environment protection measures as a part of their corporate social responsibility. A study by Hurst (2004) place that a considerable proportion of leadership companies presently identify the value of taking care of environmental issues and the value of assessing their own performance on a regular basis. Corporate reputation Evidently, the first benefit associated with going green is the improvement in a companys corporate reputation. It is seen that large high profile companies are effectively utilising an attractive CSR that helps the company enjoy a considerably greater reputation that it cannot normally achieve. A perfect example for this is the truelove and cosmetics giant The Body Shop (Values Report, 2009). The company, from its very inception, stood firm on certain ethical and environmental principles. For example, it is against animal testing, artificial ingredients, environmental degradation, and forced labour. The company claims itself to be carbon-free, and it advocates fair trade and fair price, along with t he concept of community trade which ensures that the company procures its ingredients from marginalised producers (ibid). If someone thinks that all these cost the company a lot as this would make the companys products expensive, the exact opposite is true. The companys surveys show that 89% of its customers value the companys ethical activities highly (ibid). pecuniary benefits According to USA Today reports, many companies have realised how to make money or save money through environmentally sustainable practices. For example, the lie Microsystems saved hundreds of millions of dollars through the introduction of telecommuting (Suns open work energy measurement project, 2009). However, the industry that is benefiting the most from the green revolution is the hotel business. For example, the Holiday hostelry on King in Toronto saved nearly $ 14,852 in a year by introducing low-flow

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 43

Economics - Essay ExampleGlobalization is the reason why situations mentioned above happened in the every corner of the world. Globalization shortens the distances between sight and countries and makes unusual products approachable for people all over the world. It has huge impacts on both environment and the labor markets in positive ways and negative ways.Decades ago when people were talking about the consequences of globalization, the positive outcomes always came up first to their mind. It is true that globalization brought us whom are customers a lot convenience and broader options toward products with relatively let down prices. Because of globalization Chinese people nooky buy European mobiles much(prenominal) as BMWs without going to Europe and drive it all the back from there to China. They can order it from China without even walking out of their house and probably the car will park in front of their house the next sidereal day after they purchased.Globalization has h uge impact on labor standards mainly because it has provided many job opportunities world widely. Many international firms have their branch companies afield in order to expand their market and reduce the toll of the company as a result of this many job positions are provided besides the jobs in the local labor market. Different branch company of a firm has different description of their work tasks by considering the different situations in different areas, such as the different cost of labor and capital. Eventually, the labor standard is specified in each area. Countries like China and India are mainly focusing on manufacturing which needs huge amount of labor and capital such as land because of the lower cost of labor and capital there. On the contrary, countries such as Germany and United States are focusing on financial services and technology support, which needs people will higher skills. As a result the cost of labor and

Using the IRAC rule law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Using the IRAC rule law - Essay ExampleUsing the IRAC rule law People always assume that howlers and vandalism are not liable for compensation by insurance and the police are also not liable. However, According to commercial property coverage guide a riot is any disturbances of the publics peace by more than three hatful helping each other execute destruction of property and populate by use of force and aggression in an unlawful manner.According to this rule of law it seems the peoples assumptions are wrong yet the law states otherwise. The cloudiness here is that for the state to be liable for compensating Eric it must be first be investigated to find out the cause and intention. This is because for the state to compensate Eric, the law states that the firing of his pharmacy must be accidental as intentional damages and loss and criminals acts are not liable for compensation. According to Ericks crusade, the people who looted, vandalized and burnt his pharmacy do not know him personally to be doing the damage intentionally nor are they doing it to cause damage for him. Secondly, the looting and vandalism was not done by Erick himself but a rowdy group thus the insurance is liable for compensation.The state is liable for compensation in Ericks case since the police stood by and did not prevent the rioters from vandalizing and burning his pharmacy. Therefore, Erick must be compensated for losses incurred in his shop.Erics pharmacy company VCS was to be delivered pharmaceuticals by Tanya who owns a pharmaceutical delivery business.

A World Without Books Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A World Without Books - Essay ExampleBooks have been among the slap-upest inventions of the human step on it and it has been through them that human civilization has been able to advance. Books have become so essential that it is difficult to envisage humanity without them. Books have been the way through which the bill of the human race has been transmitted from one age group to a nonher. In addition, they have been the through which official records have been kept, and without them, all the large civilizations of the past would not have been able to blossom and flourish as they did. Throughout history, scholars and those people who could read have been greatly revered by their fellow men because they were believed to be the carriers of and transmitters of knowledge. Before the modern times, countersigns were extremely rare and were intensely sought after by those who could read them. In the Western homo, books were so rare that the only book that many of those who could read h ad read was the bible, a book that certain priests could not even read. The ownership of and the ability to read books were therefore a source of great prestige for those who had the privilege of having them. This privilege eventually came to be spread all over the world as more people became literate and books became common flummox. However, there has belatedly developed a trend where people have come to prefer other forms of entertainment at the expense of books, which are slowly, but surely, being viewed as relics of the past. A world without books is a concept that many people are yet to comprehend because a majority of the literate people in the world today at some point enjoys reading. While this is a fact, one has to consider that there have developed newer and seemingly more interesting forms of entertainment, which many of the younger generation is adapting to instead of books. This is creating a situation similar to that in the novel Fahrenheit 451 where books are of no v alue and any that are bring are destroyed. In the world of this novel, books are considered by society to be useless and due to popular demand, it has become the duty of the firemen to destroy every forthcoming copy that is found. The influence of other media such as soap operas has become so great that the population prefers it to books, which are looked upon as being too laborious to read. Books, mainly because of the conflicting information that is found within them, have disillusioned many of the characters in the novel. Beatty, the boss of the main character, is said to have once been an devouring(a) subscriber, but his disillusionment with books soon led him to pee-pee involved in their destruction as a firefighter (Bradbury 61-62). His disillusionment with them seems to be so great that he makes Montag, the main character, destroy the book that he realizes that the latter has in his possession. One would say that a world without books would be a dreary place within which to live because books have traditionally been the means of transmitting knowledge from one generation to another. Through books, issues are discussed more deeply and in the process, the reader gets to have a better understanding of the issues being discussed. This is not true of other sources of information, because these sources are scarce in content and this creates a situation where individuals get only a shallow understanding of the subject matter. In Fahrenheit 451, it is seen that because of the destruction of books, knowledge has become static, not being able to grow as it should (Bradbury 87). Those people who possess books are completely ostracized from society and are put in mental asylums because of their intellect. This makes it extremely difficult for knowledge to be transmitted and the pretermit of this knowledge has made the people in this society disillusioned with carriage. Because of their hatred for books, the society in Fahrenheit 451 is not equipped to deal w ith the issues of day-to-day life and they have instead become artificial. The world would face this

Said's Orientalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Saids Orientalism - Essay ExampleBrowne from England apply to be an ardent assistance of the constitutional revolution that took place in Iran as well as Louis Massignon with respect to the Algerian movement for the sake of gaining independence and not to forget Hurgronje who used influence which was in favor of a more sensitive and understanding attitude towards those whom the nations were ruled by. Thus for this matter, Hourani has invited all and sundry to reconsider Edward Saids indispensable formulations, theses as well as conclusions and study the relationships that were there between the religion of Islam and the West. The same was however achieved in a more positive manner than the one through with(p) by Edward Said. However, from an Orientalism standpoint, it is true that at the level of religious encounter Islam was gravely a problem for the Christians of Europe. Also the fact is there that another and not less(prenominal) important than the same, a similar kind of attit ude was at the center of the contact and relations between the Christians and the followers of Islam and at later stages between the temporal Europe and the World of Islam, which in essence involved a deep exchange of ideas and beliefs between the people. However, for the duration of the seminal and incisive phase of Islam, a frame of illustrious Muslim theologians and thinkers which might include Ali al Tabari, Imam al Ghazali, and Ibn Hazm started to put into practice major works in an attempt to disprove and competitor the central principles and systems of beliefs related to the religion of Christianity.

Selection of Baby Name Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Selection of Baby Name - Essay ExampleAs much as some aspects of the bobble duty assignment dodging in the United Arab Emirates are m significant than others they are all relevant. Naming may always be done in honor of the previous bearers of the name such as the Islamic forerunners that were looked up to in the Islamic religion. Naming a baby later on an Islamic ancestor is believed to tie the baby and the family to religious (Islamic) affiliation and that the relationship is strong. It is always treated as a sign of reverencing and because every Islamic ancestor had a role, the names are attached to some roles and meanings. Some of the names may mean protection and because many families in UAE are Muslims, they believe in the powers and religious aspects of the Islamic ancestors. Most parents, especially with strong religious background prefer integrating religion (Islam) in their babies names to signify their loyalty and love for their religion. Parents believe that naming their children after Islamic ancestors benefits and brings blessing to the child. Moreover, some parents in the UAE name their children after their grandparents. Selecting a grandparent name for a newborn shows love and respect the family has for the grandparent. Families who use such kind of naming system are those who love social values and would want to maintain the social status of the family lineage. Additionally, naming a newborn after a grandparent tends to strengthen the family bondage and blood relationship. Such kind of parents believes that their newborn will receive family favors and the favor of the person the child is named after. This form of the naming system further avoids some bad things such as marrying some from same blood relations. Every parent chooses names with good meanings such as clean-handed meaning and some of the names may include names from history, names of prophets and modern names.

Budget Targeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Budget Targeting - Essay ExampleAbsent these inferences, firms would not know how well they are doing, and detonating device markets would not know how to value them. And absent these inferences, firms would be unable to improve their processes and, as a consequence, improve their economic performance. (Meyer, 2002, p. 24)Budget meeting its cigaret as personal performance measure can be analysed in two broad categories First, a budget can be used as a financial plan, utilised by the finance department to ensure that the organisation stays within its direct constraints. Second it is much more astray used in most organisations as a tool of overall management control. Here budget targets are set for individual responsibility centers and their operating managers, so that operating performance can be monitored and controlled. (Neely, Business Performance Measurement) Irrespective of any category, effective budget targets must possess the following characteristicsfirm incentives for de partments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better man services with greater cost effectiveness. (Budget-2006)Data collection and analysis for performance measures are defined to establish a common understanding for the measure, to outline how and when the data will be collected and interpreted, and to ensure the quality and integrity of the data. (Budget-2006a) Performance measures further include the following stepsAnalysis of actual systems (like accounting and auditing) should be conducted in order to determine its performance-basis, if one expects performance data to be used in the system this means that systems that relate to former(a) outdated budgeting approaches need to be replaced to accommodate performance based budgeting. (Andrews & Hill, 2003, p. 135)The use of performance information

Emergency Communication - Public Information Officer Position Assignment

Emergency Communication - Public Information Officer Position - Assignment ExampleThe subordinates should be well informed. There is a need for one to know oneself and seek improvement.Critical thinker The PIO under his mandate should be able to plan, develop, organize and provide direction for a encyclopaedic policy on information. He should consult the hap commander in order to educate the rest of the staff and the media about the programs of the department, events, projects, plans and implements (Laft, 2011, p.90). He should evaluate familiar information and community outreach should ensure the division meets the applicable laws and regulations should provide highly responsible, operational assistance and complex administration. He/she fosters good working relationships with the other agencies and serves as the spokesperson of the department. This is because he/she responds to the requests of information from the public.Social and tact The work may require one being tactful be cause it entails frequent public contact. He may also have independent judgment. Sometimes it may require one to have a wider knowledge of the department policies that relate to specific areas. Through interaction, he/she should be in a position to research, develop and implement program plans. One should receive inquiries and providing information to the public concerning a wide range of topics (Smoke, 2009, p.65). They let in developing and sending out the press releases this requires discretion and tactfulness in communication with the mass media.Readiness Arriving properly and well equipped at the incident location and within the acceptable time limits is of utmost importance. He/she should check in according the guidelines set by the agency. The officer should determine the immediate staffing and the resources needed. Assessing the incident, its complexness and media interest is needed. He/she must gather additional supplies to support the efforts if need be.One more point here is

Conformity Assessment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Conformity Assessment - Research Paper ExampleConformity sagaciousness is a comprehensive term defined as measures taken by manufacturers, their customers, regulatory authorities, and independent, third parties to assess conformity to standards . Similarly, the joint ISO/IEC 17000, of the International Organization for normalization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) defines the term as a demonstration that specified requirements relating to a process, system, person or body are fulfilled . However, ISO itself does not abridge such work. Conformity assessment and standardization differ from each other, although they are closely related. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), though established by the joined Nations, is a key non-governmental institution. It supports the progress of industrialization, as well as regulates production and consumption . Conformity assessment and standardization need to be mutually substantiating in order to p romote economic growth and sustainable development . Conformity Assessment and the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) are considered to be at opposite ends of the technical infrastructure business . Manufacturers frequently have their hold internal testing sytems to ensure that their work meets the required standard. However, in the private economy, more and more there is third-party certification of inspection. In fact, many national standard setting bodies now make such third-party certification a major part of their own business . The national bodies provide accreditation certification on the qualification and eligibility of third-party inspectors to do their job. While ISO neither accredits nor certifies, ISO members certify the certifiers.

Attitude Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Attitude - Research Paper ExampleThis is in annotation with the changing beliefs that are shaping up the organizational climate of present times, and echoes well with the managers serve performance tenets which remain quintessential with all(prenominal) passing day. This paper discusses positioning and its effect on a managers work performance. How military capability is remarked here is something that holds a lot of value and import for the manager. The managers repertoire shall be bolstered if he knows that the employees working under his aegis are positive within their attitudes and that they are ready to give in their best time and again. It is a definitive plus if the manager is adamant that his employees will give in their best no matter how tough it is or how trying the circumstances will turn come egress of the closet to be at the end (Bryan, 2009). There is a dire need to understand that the managers work performance is boosted if his employees are having positive at titude and know how to give in their best on a proactively consistent basis. The managers work performance is immensely helped when attitude is positive. If however, this attitude is not positive, then there would be a lot of problems for this manager, as he would have to undergo tautness and tensions at the workplace realms. He would have to properly understand why people are being nagging and then resolve the disputes that are glide path up within his realms. There is a dire need to comprehend the fact that attitude shapes up many actions and undertakings within the employees and managers aegis, and this will be the mastery pointers for the organizational regimes. A manager needs to address quite a few issues that come to his understanding levels. Now if he sees that the work is not carried out in a positive way, he will feel the pinch and there would be significant issues which will cone to the reckoning of all and heterogenous within the organizational folds (Author Unknown, 2011). If the attitude retards his work domains, it would mean that there is something wrong somewhere, and much needs to be done, and that too in a proper and dissipated way. This is the need of the hour as organizations require managers who are ready and willing to accept change within their realms and thus be full of positive attitude and demeanor. This will resolve quite a few aspects that come under the heading of behavioral issues. The attitude aspect is given significance by the line of longitude management as well because it knows that the managers have to be up and willing to remain positive with regards to their respective attitudes and it is about time that they needed to set their shack in order before taking care of the employees that are under them in entirety. What remains to be seen is the fact that their personal problems do not hinder their attitudes towards work and allows them to freely move ahead with the passage of time, because this is indeed required at the end of the day. The managers work performance is usually aline with the ways and means through which he understands the dictum of work. If this manager believes that his work could be carried out with minimal positive attitude then this would mean that his attitude is not set at the most optimal level that there should be. However, if he believes that he could stay negative within his attitude and still drop off work at his end, then this would mean that there are a lot of problems within his work performance regimes, and that he needs to sort out these issues

Introduction Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Introduction Assignment - Essay ExampleHaving dabbled in fiction piece during my sp atomic number 18 time, I find that most of my characters are created to be replicas of people whom I interact with in the real world. Thus serving to become an analytical tool of my relationship with people. Allowing me to vent out my frustration, joy, and tribulation as I deal with real life situations in fictionalized manners. Thus giving me room for creative release of my pent up emotions and tension.For me, it is the fact that I can use my personal life to create a fictional story that serves as both my strength and weakness. My strength because I am able to create situations that help me deal with my life, and my weakness because I have to write things down in order to be able to properly deal with my bothers. Without writing as a channel for my inner troubles and demons, I feel that I would have not become the capable and adjusted person that I am today.Writing her helped me find my voice. I t is that voice that helps me get through my life tribulations because as I write things down, I begin to analyze and find solutions to whatever problem is plaguing me at the

Cebu Province Division Essay Example for Free

Cebu country office EssayIntroduction DAMATH, a patent-pending mathematical board- bet on invented by five-time national awardee Jesus L. Huenda, is coined from the common Filipino checkerboard feisty of genus Dama, (or lady in Spanish) and mathematics. It started in a Sorsogon issue senior high School class in Sorsogon, Philippines and its popularity spread quickly and resulted in the first national DAMATH competitions held at Legaspi City in 1980.He initiated this competition with the support of the Science Foundation of the Philippines. He hopes to introduce DAMATH to secondary math teachers as part of a requirement of his work as PASMEP Fellow at Curtin University / WACAE, Western Australia. Thus if this material, or part of it, is usaged commercially or other (except for classroom instruction purposes), permission must be secured in writing from him. By the expressive style, DAMATH is part of the inventors position paper, Non-formal mathematics education the Sorsogo n National High School experience, delivered at the 1978 First Southeast Asian Conference on mathsematical Education, PICC, manilla 1979 and 1980 MTAP national conventions at Legaspi City and Quezon City, respectively. 1981, 1983 and 1988 Philippine Expositions, PHILTRADE, Manila conference, Mandurah, WA Australian Association of mathematics Teachers 13th biennial national conference, Hobart.Rationale It is becoming a growing classroom practice in galore(postnominal) school subjects, including mathematics, to use games to promote the understanding of concepts and skills. This practice is supported by child psychologist Piaget and Inhelder (1969) and Kohlberg (1969) who are convinced that affective, cognitive, and social development strongly influence atomic number 53 another and develop along parallel lines. There are info to support this statement.Thus, the use of socially interactive mathematical games in learning and principle mathematics is credible.Objectives 1. To integ rate the Filipino checkerboard game of dama into the teaching of mathematical concepts and skills. 2. To encourage the utilization of recycled materials in constructing damath board set (for classroom use only). 3. To analyze damath as a possible subject of mathematical investigations. 4. To enhance wholesome interpersonal relations among learners. 5. To promote mathematical consciousness among, family members in bad-tempered and the community in general through the mathematics clubs community outreach damath competitions. 6. To promote awareness of girls in mathematics as king is to the game of chess, so dama (or lady) is to damath ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez2 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Teachers NotesAny game can be trivial or worth plot. It all depends on the doers of the game and when and why. Feedba ck from teachers who have time-tested damath is encouraging because they have found it appropriate, fun, and useful in their classes. each(prenominal) 12 games are to be played in pairs. Students learning mathematics in this way have been found to associate mathematics with wholesome and purposeful work. These games may introduce, supplement, reinforce or refresh concepts, skills and attitudes.To get the close out of damath, read the come with guide sheet and list of materials needed. Determine what extra work can be assigned to pairs of students who will carry out the action mechanism. As a run through activity, some mathematical investigations concerning damath may be assigned to small groups of students, or mathematics club may conduct community-outreach damath competitions highlighting awareness of girls in mathematics. In doing so, observe students performance and reactions and record them in a cognitive skill checklist and attitude respectively.This, together with your a ssessment, will provide you with significant data for future reference. The inventor welcome suggestions from teachers in the field by sending it to Jesus L. Huenda, Curriculum Development Division, Bureau of Secondary Education, Department of Education, Culture and Sports, Palacio delG everyplacenador, Intramuros, Manila. Suggestions and foreplay can be mailed to him using the pastime form (See next page).TO THE STUDENTSIn DAMATH, there are 12 games to play. All of these games are original in particular designed for you to make you do and play mathematics, have fun with it in thinking, making a game plan, and using your common sense, honesty and fair play.Do them and learn mathematics.Do them and enjoy yourself, too.ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez3 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar shop class 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Name of the game ________ ___________________ School____________________________ Senders Name (Optional)_____________________ Address___________________________ What I like in the game Areas for improvementGuide SheetTitle Damath the Teeny Integer Countess Damath Damath-in-a-Whole Damath Over U Busy Deci Damath Damath the Old Prime Madonna Damath the Fibo barmy Lady Byte-a-Damath Damath a la Mod trig-a-Damath Sci-No-Damath Log-a-Damath Concept Integers Counting numbers game racket Whole numbers Fractions decimals Prime numbers Fibonacci sequence Binary numbers Modulo 12 Trigonometric Functions scientific Notation Logarithmic function Place in the Curriculum Review activity for Units 3 8 List of Materials Damath board set (See attachment A)Enrichment activity for Units 3 8Enrichment activity for Unit 2 Introductory activity for Unit 5 Enrichment activity for Unit 6ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez4 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar shop clas s 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________DAMATH 12 games for High School Mathematics Contents Of This Package natural process sheets for students for each of the following titles operation occupation Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Teacher Manual 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Damath the Teeny Integer Countess Damath Damath-in-a-Whole Damath Over U Busy Deci Damath Damath the Odd Prime Madonna Damath the Fibo Nutty Lady Byte-a-Damath Damath a la Mod Trig-a-Damath Sci-no-Damath Log-a-DamathRulesHow to S T A R T24 stoppages should be placed first on the following squares on the DAMATH board Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez5 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________How to make a move1. Toss a coin to decide who moves first. 2. The first pseudo moves a paper by sliding diagonally forth to an close inert square (no hindrance is tobe placed on colored squares). Record your move in the worksheet. Example crimson player moves -1 to an adjoining vacant square ( 5 , 4 ), thus, to the scoresheet the player writes on the first column under the heading Move with -1 (5,4) to mean -1 goes to a square laid 5 on its x-axis and 4 on its y-axis. 3. The deuce players alternately experience turn in moving a piece.How to take a piece (Ka-on)1. In the example above, going player with piece -1 is required ( ease up is not allowed) to take a piece 2 of Blue side by jumping over the piece to be taken and landing on the latters adjoining vacant square, which, also, determine the symbol of operation to be used.Example -1 takes 2 by jumping over it (player gets the piece 2) and finally lands on a square (7,2) which has minus sign on it. Thus, on the scoresheet, the player writes on the first column with -1 2. Moreover, on the second column under the heading Score, the player writes the answer as -3. While on the tertiary column under the heading Total Score, the player writes the total score by adding whatever points in it, thus, -3. Round off numbers, if necessary. 2. A player can take one chip or more than one chip with the required option to take the great number of chips. 3. A Red chip is declare as dama if it reaches any of the following squares ( 1, 0 ) (3,0) (5,0) (7,0)Similarly, for Blue Chip as follows ( 0, 7 ) (2,7) (4,7) (6,7)4. Once a piece is declare as dama it could slide diagonally forward or backward in any vacant square provided no opposing piece blocks it. It could take a piece or pieces and have the privilege of doubling its scores. 5. The game is ended it (a.) a player has no more piece to move or, (b.) it is unacceptable for any or both players to go on because of repeated move.ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez6 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________In (a) or (b), the remaining piece or pieces are added to the total score. Finally, the player with the greater accumulated total, wins the game.How to scoreShown below is a Damath Scoresheet. Initial entries on it were taken from the above examples of players move and in taking piece or pieces.DAMATH SCORESHEETRed Player Move -1 (5,4) -1 2 Score -3 Total 2 -3 Player Move (9,3) Score Total BluePlayers SignaturePlayers SignatureSignature of Teacher / ParentSignature of Teacher / ParentWinLossWinLossES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez7 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity1DAMATHtheTeeny IntegerA game for two players.What you need* DAMATH board ( 8 squares by 8 squares ) 24 chips in two colors ( 12 of each color, thus, 0, -1, 2, -3, 4, -5, 6, -7, 8, -9, 10, -11 ) For illustration, see attachment A of this Package.What it is nighIt is a game of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of integers, rounding off numbers, and point plotting. ram of the GameThe player with the most points wins.ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez8 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity2Countess DAMATHA game for two players.What you need very(prenominal) materials as in Activity 1, only on the reverse side of chip no. 0 write chip no. 12.What it is aboutIt is a game of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing counting numbers rounding off numbers, and point plotting. take on of the GameThe player with the most points wins.ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubi n HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez9 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Rules equal rules as in Activity 1, and the 0 chip is replaced by 12 12 is on the reverse side of 0 chip and, forbid signs have to be disregarded. Thus, initial positions of the chips are as followsChip Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 fix of Blue Chip (1,2) (3,2) (5,2) (7,2) (0,1) (2,1) (4,1) (6,1) (1,0) (3,0) (5,0) (7,0)Position of Red Chip (6,5) (4,5) (2,5) (0,5) (7,6) (5,6) (3,6) (1,6) (6,7) (4,7) (2,7) (0,7)In taking a chip or chips, addition, subtraction multiplication, and division of counting numbers are used. Round off numbers, if necessary, in making entries on the scoresheet.ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez10 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 _______________________________________________ _______________________________Activity3DAMATH in a WholeA game for two players.What you need corresponding materials as in Activity 1What it is aboutIt is a game of adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing Whole numbers rounding off numbers, and point plotting. bugger off of the GameThe player with the most points wins.ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez11 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________RulesSame rules as in Activity 2, still the 12 chip is replaced by 0 0 is on the reverse side of 12 chip and, negative signs have to be disregarded. Thus, initial positions of the chips are as followsChip Number 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11Position of Blue Chip (1,2) (3,2) (5,2) (7,2) (0,1) (2,1) (4,1) (6,1) (1,0) (3,0) (5,0) (7,0)Position of Red Chip (6,5) (4,5) (2,5) (0,5) (7,6) (5,6) (3,6) (1,6) (6,7) (4,7) (2,7) (0,7)In ta king a chip or chips, addition, subtraction multiplication, and division of whole numbers are used. Round off numbers, if necessary, in making entries on the Scoresheet.ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez12 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity4DAMATH Over UA game for two players.What you needSame materials as in Activity 1, but the positive and negative numbers should have 10 as denominator (use reverse side of chips).What it is aboutIt is a game of adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing fractions and point plotting.Aim of the GameThe player with the most points wins.RulesSame rule as in Activity1, but adding, Subtracting, multiplying and dividing fractions are used, thus, all entries on the Scoresheet are fractions. ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez1 3 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity5Busy DeciDAMATHA game for two players.What you needSame materials as in Activity 4, but decimal equivalent should take the place of fractions.What it is aboutIt is a game of adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing decimals and point plotting.Aim of the GameThe player with the most points wins.RulesSame rule as in Activity 4, but instead of fractions, the decimal equivalents are added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided. In taking a chip or chips, results of mathematical operations are rounded off to the nearest hundredths. ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez14 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity6DAMATH the Odd Prime MadonnaA game for two players.What you n eedSame materials as in Activity 1What it is aboutIt is a game of prime numbers integers squaring numbers rounding off numbers and point plotting.Aim of the GameThe player with the most points wins.RulesSame rule as in Activity 1, but in taking a chip or chips the results of algebraic operations are squared if it is an odd prime number. ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez15 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity7DAMATH the Fibo Nutty LadyA game for two players.What you needSame materials as in Activity 2What it is aboutIt is a game using the Fibonacci sequence counting numbers Cubing numbers rounding off numbers and point plotting.Aim of the GameThe player with the most points wins.RulesSame rule as in Activity 2, but in taking a chip or chips the results of mathematical operations are cubed if it is a Fibonacci num ber.ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez16 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity A game for two players.8Byte a DAMATHWhat you needSame materials as in Activity 3, but even numbers are to be considered as 0, while odd numbers as 1.What it is aboutIt is a game of adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing binary numbers and point plottingAim of the GameThe player with the most points wins.RulesSame rule as in Activity 3, but in taking a piece or pieces binary arithmetic is used. Thus, initial positions of no-good and red chips are as follow Chips 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Position of Blue Chip Position of Red Chip (1,2) (6,5) (3,2) (4,5) (5,2) (2,5) (7,2) (0,5) (0,1) (7,6) (2,1) (5,6) (4,1) ( 3 , 6) (6,1) (1,6) (1,0) (6,7) (3,0) (4,7) (5,0) (2,7) (7,0) (0,7)ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez17 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity A game for two players.9DAMATH a la ModWhat you needSame materials as in Activity 3What it is aboutIt is a game of addition, subtraction, multiplication and Division in module 12 and point plotting.Aim of the GameThe player with the most points wins.RulesSame rule as in Activity 3, but in taking a piece or pieces binary arithmetic is used. Thus, initial positions of blue and red chips are as follow Chips 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Position of Blue Chip Position of Red Chip (1,2) (6,5) (3,2) (4,5) (5,2) (2,5) (7,2) (0,5) (0,1) (7,6) (2,1) (5,6) (4,1) ( 3 , 6) (6,1) (1,6) (1,0) (6,7) (3,0) (4,7) (5,0) (2,7) (7,0) (0,7)ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez18 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ________________________ ______________________________________________________Activity A game for two players.10 Trig a DAMATHWhat you needSame materials as in Activity 1, but the following integers should have the Corresponding trigonometric functions by changing them to degrees Chips in degrees -1 and 10 -3 and 8 -5 and 6 -7 and 4 -9 and 2 11 and 0 Trigonometric Functions Sin romaine lettuce Tan Cot Sec CscWhat it is aboutIt is a game using trigonometric functions trigonometric identi fetters changing degrees to radians and vice versa and point plotting.Aim of the GameThe player with the most points wins.RulesSame rule as in Activity 1, but in taking a piece or pieces (this time, integers are expressed in degrees) trigonometric functions and identities are used. Thus, initial positions of blue and red chips are as follow Chips in degrees Position of Blue Chip Position of Red Chip Csc 0 (5,2) (2,5) Sin 1 (3,2) (4,5) Sec 2 (7,2) (0,5) Cos -3 (1,2) (6,5) Cot 4 (4,1) (3,6) Tan 5 (2,1) (5,6) Tan 6 (6,1) ( 1 , 6) Cot 7 (0,1) (7,6) Cos 8 (5,0) (2,7) Sec 9 (3,0) (4,7) Sin 10 (7,0) (0,7) Csc -11 (1,0) (6,7)ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez19 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity A game for two players.11 Sci no DAMATHWhat you needSame materials as in Activity 2, but the integers are raised to their corresponding Powers as follows. Chips 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 express in Scientific Notation 1.1 x 10-1 2.2 x 10 2 3.3 x 10-3 4.4 x 10 4 5.5 x 10-5 6.6 x 10 6 7.7 x 10-7 8.8 x 10 8 9.9 x 10-9 1.01 x 10 10 1.11 x 10-11 1.212 x 10 12What it is a boutIt is a game of adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing numbers in scientific notation and point plotting.Aim of the GameThe player with the most points wins.RulesSame rule as in Activity 2, but addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of numbers in scient ific notation are used thus, entries on the Scoresheet should be numbers expressed in scientific notation. ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez20 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________Activity12 Log a DAMATHA game for two players.What you needSame materials as in Activity 11 (common logarithm) or as in Activity 10 ( for logarithms and trigonometric function), as the case maybe, depending players agreement.What it is aboutIt is a game of common logarithms logarithms of trigonometric functions and point plotting.Aim of the GameSame as in Activity 11 or Activity 10, as the case maybe.RulesSame rules as in Activity 11 or Activity 10, as the case maybe, depending on the players agreement, but common logarithms and logarithms of trigonometric functions are used, respectively. Thus, entries on the Scoresheet should have common log arithms or logarithms of trigonometric functions, as the case maybe/ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez21 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________A. GAMES FOR DAMATHS COMPETITIONS aims train 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Level 6 Level 7 Grades Grades I II Grades III IV Grades V VI First Year Second Year triplet Year Fourth Year Contents Counting Numbers Whole Numbers Positive Fractions Integers Signed Fractions Radical Damath Polynomial DamathB. POSITIONS OF discontinueS ( Elementary Level )Level 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 CHIP NUMBERS I Level II Level III 0 1/10 1 2/10 2 3/10 3 4/10 4 5/10 5 6/10 6 7/10 7 8/10 8 9/10 9 10/10 10 11/10 11 12/10 BLUE CHIPS (1,2) (3,2) (5,2) (7,2) (0,1) (2,1) (4,1) (6,1) (1,0) (3,0) (5,0) (7,0) RED CHIPS (6,5) (4,5) (2,5) (0,5) (7,6) (5,6) (3,6) (1,6) (6,7) (4,7) (2,7) (0,7)POSITIONS OF CHIPS ( Secondary Level )CHIP 1st Year 0 -1 2 -3 4 -5 6 -7 8 -9 10 -11 2nd Year 0/10 -1/10 2/10 -3/10 4/10 -5/10 6/10 -7/10 8/10 -9/10 10/10 -11/10 NUMBERS tertiary Year 418 -8 1632 -92 3632 -2518 642 -498 1002 -8132 1448 -12118 4th Year 6x -xy2 10y -3x2y 28y -15x 36x2y -21xy2 66x2y -45y 78xy2 -55x For 4th Year Only, Blue Red ChipsBLUE CHIPS (5,2) (3,2) (7,2) (1,2) (4,1) (2,1) (6,1) (0,1) (5,0) (3,0) (7,0) (1,0)RED CHIPS (2,5) (4,5) (0,5) (6,5) (3,6) (5,6) (1,6) (7,6) (2,7) (4,7) (0,7) (6,7)ES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez22 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________________________________________POSITIONS OF CHIPS ( Secondary Level )Level 4 CHIP Level 5 NUMBERS Level VI Level VII -1 1.1 X 10 0 2 2.2 X 10 1 3.3 X 10-3 2 4 4.4 X 10 3 5.5 X 10-5 4 6 6.6 X 10 5 7.7 X 10-7 6 8 8.8 X 10 7 -9 9.9 X 10 8 1.01 X 10 10 9 -11 1.111 X 10 10 1.212 X 10 12 11 BLUE C HIPS (1,2) (3,2) (5,2) (7,2) (0,1) (2,1) (4,1) (6,1) (1,0) (3,0) (5,0) (7,0) RED CHIPS (6,5) (4,5) (2,5) (0,5) (7,6) (5,6) (3,6) (1,6) (6,7) (4,7) (2,7) (0,7)General Guidelines on DAMATHS Century Match1. First player is determined by plan lots. 2. Basically the rule in playing dama shall be used as follows a. A chip with numeral moves diagonally forward to an adjoining vacant square. b. A chip takes an opponents chip or chips diagonally forward or backward.Mathematical operation such as addition subtraction, multiplication, or division of numerals shall be used depending on the vacant squares operation symbol where the taker chip lands by jumping over the taken chip, pass is not allowed. c. On taking a chip or chips the following policy shall prevail * mayor dalawa * mayor tatlo * mayor dama * mayor dama dalawa (x) takes 0 VS (x) takes 0 VS (x) takes 0 VS (dama) takes 0 (y) takes 1, takes 2 (y) takes 1, takes 2, and takes 3 (dama) takes 1 VS (x) takes 1, takes 2 over mayor dama.d. A players chip is declared as dama if it reaches the other players designated dama locations or squares. A dama chip can move or take a piece to any unoccupied square along the diagonal path. Moreover, when a dama takes a chip the score is doubled when the dama is taken the score is also doubled when a dama takes another dama the score is quadrupled. e. In taking more than one chip, the taker chip shall remain as the initial addend, minuend, multiplicand, or dividend as the case maybe.(This means that MDAS for multiple operations shall not apply in this case). f. A move is good only for one (1) minute, while the games duration shall not exceed 20 minutes. g. The remaining chips shall be added to the respective players. h. The game ends when any one of the following situations occurES IMath Biongcog MT 1 =Lauron MT 1 =Tubin HT 3 =Torbeso MT 1 = Berna MT 2=Gonzaga T2=Perez23 Cebu Province Division = Damath Seminar Workshop 1998 10-13-2008 ______________________________________________ ________________________________ 1.) a player has no more chip to move 2.) 20-minute game duration had elapsed 3.) repetitive moves of any or both players.i. The player having the greater total score wins the game. In case of a tie, a 10-minute rematch follows thereafter untill a winner is declared.j. No player is allowed to compete in a level lower than the one specified for his grade level. k. In playing, the TOUCH-MOVE SYSTEM is used. Once a player touches a chip, it is imperative that he uses that chip for that particular move. l. A move is considered final once a player releases the chip, and he cannot change his move after he has released the chip. m. The use of calculator is recommended. n. All players in each level are ranked according to their respective number of games won to determine the winners. In case of a triple tie, the the point-system is used.Guidelines for Electrodamaths1. ElectroDamaths is similar to Damath the whole numbers with certain variations as follows a. ) Odd numbers expressed in KWH b.) Even numbers expressed in Pesos, except ( 0 ) zero. 2. Sample in scoring Chips + like Units + like Units + contrasted Units like Units like Units unlike Units like Units like Units unlike Units like Units like Units unlike Units Plus the remaining chipsMove KWH 8 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS 18 NS3 kwh + 5kwh P 2 + P 10 7 kwh + P 4 5 kwh 9 kwh P6-P0 7 kwh P 4 3 kwh 5kwh P6P2 7 kwh P 4 3 kwh 5kwh P 2 P 10 7 kwh P 4 7 kwh + 11kwh P4+P8Score fca in Pesos NS 12 NS NS 6 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS 12 26 kwh P4/kwh =Total Score KWH fca in Pesos 8 12 8 12 8 12 8 18 8 18 8 18 8 18 8 18 8 18 8 18 8 18 26 26 18 30Total kwh prevailing rate at the venue TOTAL ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION